{"id":21104,"date":"2014-09-05T18:42:27","date_gmt":"2014-09-05T13:42:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.theonlyperuguide.com\/peru-guide\/cusco\/the-history-of-cusco\/"},"modified":"2026-05-27T22:00:10","modified_gmt":"2026-05-27T17:00:10","slug":"histoire-de-cusco","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.theonlyperuguide.com\/fr\/peru-guide\/cusco\/histoire-de-cusco\/","title":{"rendered":"Histoire de Cusco"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 data-section-id=\"1px3h23\" data-start=\"2356\" data-end=\"2402\">Histoire de Cusco : des Incas \u00e0 aujourd\u2019hui<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"2404\" data-end=\"2682\">Cusco n\u2019est pas seulement une \u00e9tape avant le Machu Picchu. C\u2019est l\u2019une des villes les plus importantes de l\u2019histoire du P\u00e9rou, ancienne capitale de l\u2019Empire inca et aujourd\u2019hui l\u2019un des meilleurs endroits pour comprendre le m\u00e9lange entre h\u00e9ritage inca et architecture coloniale.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2684\" data-end=\"2886\">En vous promenant dans le centre historique, vous verrez encore des murs incas parfaitement taill\u00e9s, des \u00e9glises construites sur d\u2019anciens temples et des rues qui racontent plusieurs si\u00e8cles d\u2019histoire.<\/p>\n<h2 data-section-id=\"gq0od1\" data-start=\"2888\" data-end=\"2912\">Les origines de Cusco<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"2914\" data-end=\"3064\">Selon la mythologie inca, Cusco aurait \u00e9t\u00e9 fond\u00e9e vers l\u2019an 1200 par Ayar Manco, plus tard connu sous le nom de Manco C\u00e1pac, accompagn\u00e9 de Mama Ocllo.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"3066\" data-end=\"3303\">D\u2019apr\u00e8s la l\u00e9gende, les dieux incas les auraient envoy\u00e9s pour fonder un nouveau centre de civilisation. Manco devait planter son b\u00e2ton d\u2019or dans le sol : l\u2019endroit o\u00f9 il s\u2019enfoncerait facilement deviendrait le lieu o\u00f9 \u00e9tablir son peuple.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"3305\" data-end=\"3508\">Ce serait dans une petite vall\u00e9e situ\u00e9e entre deux rivi\u00e8res, le Huatanay et le Tullumayo, que le b\u00e2ton se serait enfonc\u00e9. Ce lieu prit ensuite le nom de <strong data-start=\"3458\" data-end=\"3468\">Q\u2019osqo<\/strong>, devenu <strong data-start=\"3477\" data-end=\"3486\">Cusco<\/strong> \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque coloniale.<\/p>\n<h2 data-section-id=\"12jzs0b\" data-start=\"4153\" data-end=\"4177\">Cusco \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque inca<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"4179\" data-end=\"4392\">Au centre de la ville se trouvait une grande place appel\u00e9e <strong data-start=\"4238\" data-end=\"4252\">Haukaypata<\/strong>. De l\u00e0 partaient les routes menant aux quatre r\u00e9gions de l\u2019empire, appel\u00e9es les <strong data-start=\"4333\" data-end=\"4342\">suyos<\/strong> : Qollasuyu, Kuntisuyu, Antisuyu et Chinchaysuyu.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"4394\" data-end=\"4599\">Les chroniqueurs espagnols d\u00e9crivent Cusco comme une ville impressionnante, remplie de temples, de palais et de sanctuaires. L\u2019un des lieux les plus importants \u00e9tait <a style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 16px;\" title=\"Korikancha \/ Church &amp; Convent of Santo Domingo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.theonlyperuguide.com\/peru-guide\/cusco\/highlights\/korikancha-church-convent-santo-domingo\/\">Qorikancha, le Temple du Soleil<\/a><span style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 16px;\">.<\/span>Ce temple \u00e9tait l\u2019un des plus sacr\u00e9s de l\u2019Empire inca. Il aurait \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9cor\u00e9 de plaques d\u2019or, avec un jardin c\u00e9r\u00e9moniel compos\u00e9 de repr\u00e9sentations de plantes en or et en argent. La ville \u00e9tait aussi organis\u00e9e selon la vision andine du monde. Cusco \u00e9tait divis\u00e9e en deux parties : <strong data-start=\"4881\" data-end=\"4896\">Hanan Cusco<\/strong>, la partie haute, et <strong data-start=\"4918\" data-end=\"4933\">Hurin Cusco<\/strong>, la partie basse. Cette division jouait un r\u00f4le important dans l\u2019organisation sociale, politique et religieuse de la ville.<\/p>\n<h2>L\u2019arriv\u00e9e des Espagnols \u00e0 Cusco<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Lorsque les Espagnols arriv\u00e8rent au <a title=\"Guide to Peru\" href=\"https:\/\/www.theonlyperuguide.com\/fr\/\">P\u00e9rou<\/a> en 1532, l\u2019Empire inca sortait affaibli d\u2019une guerre civile. Deux fr\u00e8res, Hu\u00e1scar et Atahualpa, s\u2019\u00e9taient disput\u00e9 le pouvoir apr\u00e8s la mort de leur p\u00e8re, Huayna C\u00e1pac, qui n\u2019avait pas d\u00e9sign\u00e9 d\u2019h\u00e9ritier clair. Atahualpa finit par l\u2019emporter avec l\u2019appui d\u2019une partie de l\u2019arm\u00e9e inca. Mais peu apr\u00e8s, Francisco Pizarro et ses hommes le captur\u00e8rent \u00e0 Cajamarca. Pour tenter de sauver sa vie, Atahualpa proposa une ran\u00e7on immense en or et en argent. Une grande partie de ces richesses provenait de Cusco. Malgr\u00e9 cela, Atahualpa fut ex\u00e9cut\u00e9 par les Espagnols. Cusco tomba aux mains des Espagnols en <strong data-start=\"5734\" data-end=\"5751\">novembre 1533<\/strong>. La ville fut ensuite pill\u00e9e, et plusieurs b\u00e2timents incas furent d\u00e9truits ou transform\u00e9s. Sur leurs fondations, les Espagnols construisirent des \u00e9glises, des couvents et des palais coloniaux.<\/p>\n<h2>Cusco aujourd\u2019hui<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"5968\" data-end=\"6182\">Aujourd\u2019hui, il est difficile d\u2019imaginer \u00e0 quoi ressemblait Cusco \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque inca en se tenant sur l\u2019actuelle <strong data-start=\"6078\" data-end=\"6096\">Plaza de Armas<\/strong>. Cette place coloniale occupe une partie de l\u2019ancienne grande place inca, Haukaypata. Les \u00e9glises baroques et les b\u00e2timents coloniaux dominent d\u00e9sormais le centre historique. Pourtant, l\u2019h\u00e9ritage inca reste tr\u00e8s visible.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"6320\" data-end=\"6566\">Vous pouvez encore voir des vestiges impressionnants, notamment le <strong data-start=\"6387\" data-end=\"6401\">Qorikancha<\/strong>, dont les murs incas servent de base au couvent de Santo Domingo, ou encore les murs de la rue <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theonlyperuguide.com\/peru-guide\/cusco\/highlights\/hatun-rumiyoc-street\/\"><strong data-start=\"6497\" data-end=\"6514\">Hatun Rumiyoc<\/strong><\/a>, c\u00e9l\u00e8bres pour leurs pierres parfaitement ajust\u00e9es.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"6568\" data-end=\"6870\">Beaucoup de voyageurs passent par Cusco uniquement pour rejoindre le Machu Picchu. Pourtant, la ville m\u00e9rite qu\u2019on s\u2019y attarde. Cusco fut autrefois l\u2019une des capitales les plus puissantes du continent, comparable par son importance historique et symbolique \u00e0 des villes comme Rome, Ath\u00e8nes ou Le Caire. Prendre le temps de visiter Cusco, c\u2019est mieux comprendre l\u2019histoire du P\u00e9rou avant m\u00eame d\u2019arriver au <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theonlyperuguide.com\/fr\/peru-guide\/guide-du-machu-picchu\/\">Machu Picchu<\/a>.<\/p>\n<div id=\"_mcePaste\" style=\"overflow: hidden; position: absolute; left: -10000px; top: 0px; width: 1px; height: 1px;\">\n<p><!-- [if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal<\/w:View> <w:Zoom>0<\/w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves \/> <w:TrackFormatting \/> <w:HyphenationZone>21<\/w:HyphenationZone> <w:PunctuationKerning \/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas \/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false<\/w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false<\/w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false<\/w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF \/> <w:LidThemeOther>ES-PE<\/w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE<\/w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE<\/w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables \/> <w:SnapToGridInCell \/> 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mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:\"\"; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0cm; mso-para-margin-right:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0cm; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:\"Calibri\",\"sans-serif\"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;} --> <!--[endif]--><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">Lima is one of South America\u2019s most vibrant and diverse hotspots for a night out. The city takes on a vibrant feel as the night draws in, and the opportunities to enjoy a great night out become more obvious. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">Lima nightlife offers something for everyone. If you are looking for a relaxing evening dining with friends, or a more upbeat nightclub then there are many options. Equally, not all nightlife in Lima needs to include drinking! Perhaps an alternative night out at the cinema, bowling with your family or a night at one of Lima\u2019s many casinos maybe more up your street.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">Many people that visit Lima never really experience the full potential of the city, <\/span><\/p>\n<p>Lima is one of South America\u2019s most vibrant and diverse hotspots for a night out. The city takes on a vibrant feel as the night draws in, and the opportunities to enjoy a great night out become more obvious.<\/p>\n<p>Lima nightlife offers something for everyone. If you are looking for a relaxing evening dining with friends, or a more upbeat nightclub then there are many options. Equally, not all nightlife in Lima needs to include drinking! Perhaps an alternative night out at the cinema, bowling with your family or a night at one of Lima\u2019s many casinos maybe more up your street.<\/p>\n<p>Many people that visit Lima never really experience the full potential of the city, and often stay close to their hotel. Lima is a city of 9 million people, and although not all districts are desirable for tourists, you may have to travel a little to fully appreciate all the nightlife available.<\/p>\n<p>It is important to remember that if you are out late a night, you need to always be aware of your safety. Although Lima has come on leaps and bounds in the last few years, it is still a big city where opportunist crime does take place. Take care of yourself, don\u2019t walk around drunk late at night, stay with friends and don\u2019t walk home alone, and always use registered taxis. Remember these simple things, and you\u2019ll experience the best of one of South America\u2019s greatest cities.<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">and often stay close to their hotel. Lima is a city of 9 million people, and although not all districts are desirable for tourists, you may have to travel <\/span><span lang=\"EN-GB\">a little to fully appreciate all the nightlife available. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">It is important to remember that if you are out late a night, you need to always be aware of your safety. Although Lima has come on leaps and bounds in the last few years, it is still a big city where opportunist crime does take place. Take care of yourself, don\u2019t walk around drunk late at night, stay with friends and don\u2019t walk home alone, and always use registered taxis. Remember these simple things, and you\u2019ll experience the best of one of South America\u2019s greatest cities. <\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center; margin-top: 4%;\"><a class=\"a1 peruhop-external\" style=\"border-radius: 15px; padding: .5em 1em; font-size: 18px;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bushop.com\/peru\/guide-to-peru\/city-by-city\/cusco\/?utm_source=TOPG&amp;utm_medium=button_history\"><b style=\"color: white;\">COMPLETE CUSCO GUIDE<\/b><\/a><\/p>\n<style>\n.a1 {<br \/> transition: all .6s cubic-bezier(.25,.8,.25,1);<br \/> background-color: #CC0C00;<br \/>}<br \/>.a1:hover {<br \/> box-shadow: 0.75px 2.5px 11px #191919;<br \/> background-color: #3cc47c;<br \/>}<br \/><\/style>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Histoire de Cusco : des Incas \u00e0 aujourd\u2019hui Cusco n\u2019est pas seulement une \u00e9tape avant le Machu Picchu. C\u2019est l\u2019une des villes les plus importantes de l\u2019histoire du P\u00e9rou, ancienne capitale de l\u2019Empire inca et aujourd\u2019hui l\u2019un des meilleurs endroits pour comprendre le m\u00e9lange entre h\u00e9ritage inca et architecture coloniale. En vous promenant dans le [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7785,"featured_media":21105,"parent":21041,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"History of Cusco","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Histoire de Cusco : des Incas \u00e0 aujourd\u2019hui","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Histoire de Cusco, ancienne capitale de l\u2019Empire inca : origines mythiques, Qorikancha, conqu\u00eate espagnole, h\u00e9ritage colonial et vestiges","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-21104","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","has_thumb"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Histoire de Cusco : des Incas \u00e0 aujourd\u2019hui<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Histoire de Cusco, ancienne capitale de l\u2019Empire inca : origines 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